Unipro UGENE Online User Manual v. 1.32
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  • Description of Graphs

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Find below the detailed description of each graph. Note that characters A, C, G and T in the formulas denote the number of corresponding nucleotide in a window.

  • DNA Flexibility — searches for regions of high DNA helix flexibility in a DNA sequence. The average Threshold in a window is calculated by the following formula:

    Code Block
    (sum of flexibility angles in the window) / (the window size - 1)

    For more detailed information see DNA Flexibility paragraph.

  • GC Content (%) — shows the percentage of nitrogenous bases (either guanine or cytosine) on a DNA molecule. It is calculated by the following formula:

    Code Block
    (G+C)/(A+G+C+T)*100

  • AG Content (%) — shows the percentage of nitrogenous bases (either adenine or guanine) on a DNA molecule. It is calculated by the following formula:

    Code Block
    (A+G)/(A+G+C+T)*100
  • GC Frame Plot — this graph is similar to the GC content graph but shows the GC content of the first, second and third position independently. It is most effective in organisms with GC rich genomic sequence but it also works on all microbial sequences.

  • GC Deviation (G-C)/(G+C) — shows the difference between the “G” content of the forward strand and the reverse strand. GC Deviation is calculated by the following formula:

    Code Block
    (G-C)/(G+C)

  • AT Deviation (A-T)/(A+T) — shows the difference between the “A” content of the forward strand and the reverse strand. AT Deviation is calculated by the following formula:

    Code Block
    (A-T)/(A+T)

  • Karlin Signature Difference — dinucleotide absolute relative abundance difference between the whole sequence and a sliding window. Let:

    Code Block
    f(XY) = frequency of the dinucleotide XY
f(X)  = frequency of the nucleotide X

p(XY) = f(XY) / f(X) * f(Y)

p_seq(XY) = p(XY) for the whole sequence
p_win(XY) = p(XY) for a window

     

    The Karlin Signature Difference for a window is calculated by the following formula:
    Code Block
    sum(p_seq(XY) - p_win(XY)) / 16

  • Informational Entropy — is calculated from a table of overlapping DNA triplet frequencies. The use of overlapping triplets smooths the frame effect. Informational Entropy is calculated by the following formula:

    Code Block
    -(triplet frequency)*log10(triplet frequency)/log10(2)